Early Diagnosis

After discussing the abnormal and normal physiology and pathology of the blood as a whole now we move on to a greater aspect of blood that is known as the blood grouping systems that are the ABO system ad RH system. The people all over the world have mainly four different types of blood groups which are again of various types.

These main four types of the blood groups may include the A, B, O, and AB groups. Earlier it was believed that the transfusion of blood was to be done by the checking of the compatibilities of these only factors and if matched the possibility of the transfusion of blood was possible. However later a new factor was discovered which was found after various experiments on the Rhesus monkey and hence was named after it as the Rh factor.

This added to the fact that apart from the ABO system the blood will only be transfused when the donor and the recipient also match this Rh factor. This Rh factor is responsible for the positive and the negative which are used in the expressions of the blood groups. Theses are mainly due to the presence of other antigens such as the D, d, C, c, E, e, F, f. the presence of D antigen in the 85% of people makes it the most prominent and the positive character.

The hazards to be diagnosed early are an attribute to the physician doing so. The main problem in the blood transfusion is mismatched of the Rh factor. This may cause nothing the first time but in the second transfusion of the same blood which was incompatible the person has already formed an antibody against it and there will be generalized clotting and he may also die. In case of pregnancy they may lead to Erythroblastosis Fetalis.